Natural gas is made mainly made of Methane, it is found in large deposits along with fossil fuels such as coal and oil, but also it can be created by organisms which love in marshes and bogs and even landfill sites. Methane is of course a greenhouse gas and so natural gas is treated with caution, however, unlike fossil fuels natural gas is to some extent renewable as it can be created in bogs and landfill. Before the gas can be used it has to be processed to remove almost everything except the methane. Originally natural gas was found simply as a by-product of oil mining, and since it requires piping all the way to the end user in isolated oil wells it is still not used. It used to be simply burned off, but now it is common for unwanted gas to pumped back into the well to re-pressurize it. This gas, isolated from a market was known as “stranded” gas. In other places such as the US pipelines transport the gas from oil wells to fuel towns and cities. One solution to the problem of wasted “stranded” gas is to convert the gas to a liquid; this can then be transported as easily as oil in tankers and pipelines and used as petrol diesel or jet fuel. The oil burned from this process is much cleaner than conventional fuel when burned. A huge Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) processing facility is nearing completion in Qatar at the moment which will produce 140,000 barrels of synthetic fuel a day, the project is a partnership between Shell and Qatar Petroleum. Russia, however, has the worlds largest known gas reserves, and through its state company Gazprom is the worlds largest natural gas provider. But it is Qatar which has the worlds largest single gas field with over 25 trillion cubic metres of gas. Uses Natural gas is most commonly now used for electricity generation. Gas turbines and steam turbines can be combined to make highly efficient electricity generation. Producing electricity from natural gas emits 30% less Co2 than using petrol or 45% less than burning coal. This makes it a much more green energy source, although it is still far from ideal. Fuel cell technology has the potential to provide an even greener conversion, although at present it is not cost effective.
Natural gas can be used domestically for heating and cooking purposes, in some remote areas it is supplied in tanks where connections to service lines are limited
Compressed natural gas can be used in vehicles and is much greener than petrol, although converted engines are 10 – 15% less efficient in terms of performance. Pakistan leads the way  in adopting natural gas transport with 2 million vehicles powered by it. Russian aircraft manufacturer Tupolev is currently developing liquid natural gas and hydrogen powered aircraft which it believes will cut operating costs significantly as oppose to current kerosene mixes of fuel.
Storage and Transport.The low density of Natural gas makes it difficult to transport, many pipelines are close to capacity, particularly in North America, and Western Europe, meanwhile; Russia is looking to expand the capacity of its pipelines through Russia, Eastern Europe and North Africa. Liquefying the gas is still the preferred method for long distance transportation, as pipelines are high maintenance and require cooperation with many nations. Although natural gas is described as the cleanest fossil fuel it is far from an ideal solution to the energy crisis. When burned natural gas still emits a substantial amount of Co2 and this is set to rise if natural gas consumption continues to rise. In addition, natural gas is almost entirely methane, which is around 20 times as powerful as a green house gas. Although methane is not intentionally released in the use of natural gas, from time to time leaks do occur, if the use of natural gas expands to replace other fossil fuels it is likely that these leaks will increase, especially as it is used in more products and by smaller harder to regulate companies which may have less stringent quality control.